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CAR-T cell therapy for cancer causes 'brain fog,' study shows

  • A 2025 study from Stanford Medicine reveals that treatment with CAR-T cell immunotherapy can lead to subtle but lasting cognitive difficulties, often described as brain fog, in both cancer patients and mice.
  • This finding arose from reports of cognitive complaints after immunotherapy and animal models that isolated immunotherapy as the cause of lasting cognitive symptoms.
  • The study reveals that systemic immune activation induces chronic microglial inflammation, damaging oligodendrocytes and myelin, thus disrupting neural conduction and cognition.
  • Researchers reversed cognitive deficits in mice by depleting and repopulating microglia and blocking chemokine receptor signaling, identifying promising therapeutic targets.
  • These results prompt development of treatments addressing neuroinflammation to improve quality of life for cancer survivors experiencing brain fog after CAR-T therapy.
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cancernetwork.com broke the news in on Monday, May 12, 2025.
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